Effort for used components

Expenditure for data processing procedures

Figure 2: Important components for the operational optimization example, the are necessary to realize the data value chain.

For frequently used components necessary for the implementation of digital applications, exemplary products and their emissions were researched or modeled using life cycle analysis software. The following overview lists these components, the resulting emissions, as well as additional information about the components. Additionally, the contents of the table are available as an Excel file, including a small calculation tool for the total greenhouse gas emissions caused by all components of a digital application, for download:

Excel spreadsheet for download

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Temperature Sensor

Sensor Technology

Temperature measuring device with a small display for measuring indoor temperature. Connection options to a BUS system for power supply and communication.

Further information:

^aProduct packaging is included;^bOperating time: 100% load rate.

Source:

Schneider Electric: https://www.se.com/de/de/product/SXWSC4PSELXW/abdeckplatte-touchscreen-mit-4-tasten-licht-jalousie-pir-optimum-wei%C3%9Fe-abdeckung/

Energy consumption usage phase (total; in kWh/year): 1.84

Specific global warming potential, total (in kg CO2-e/year): 1.57

Total greenhouse gas potential (in kg CO2-e): 15.68

Component weight (in kg): 0.14

Lifespan (in years): 10

Power usage phase (active; in W): 0.21

Power usage phase (passive/stand-by; in W): n/a

Greenhouse gas potential (production; in kg CO2-e): 2.96^a

Greenhouse gas potential (usage; in kg CO2-e): n/a

Greenhouse gas potential (disposal; in kg CO2-e): 0.026

Operating time (h/year): 8760^b

CO2 Sensor

Sensor Technology

CO2 measuring element based on non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) absorption measurement. Used in ventilation and air conditioning systems to optimize comfort and energy consumption through demand-controlled ventilation and to measure CO2 concentration.

Further information:

^aPackaging is included; for the THP, only the mass balance was used, production processes and their energy consumption were not considered due to a lack of data; The calculation was performed using the CML-IA Baseline 3.08 method.^bGreenhouse gas potential during the usage phase was calculated based on the emission factors for the German electricity mix from the Federal Environment Agency for the year 2022 (https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/themen/klima-energie/energieversorgung/strom-waermeversorgung-in-zahlen?sprungmarke=Strommix#Kraftwerke);^cAssumption of operating time: 24h/day.

Source:

Siemens HIT; https://hit.sbt.siemens.com/RWD/app.aspx?RC=DE&lang=de&MODULE=Catalog&ACTION=ShowProduct&KEY=S55720-S453

Energy consumption usage phase (total; in kWh/year): 5

Specific global warming potential, total (in kg CO2-e/year): 3.22

Total greenhouse gas potential (in kg CO2-e): 48.25

Component weight (in kg): 0.1

Lifespan (in years): 15

Power usage phase (active; in W): 0.57

Power usage phase (passive/stand-by; in W): n/a

Greenhouse gas potential (production; in kg CO2-e): 10.9^a

Greenhouse gas potential (usage; in kg CO2-e): 37.35^b

Greenhouse gas potential (disposal; in kg CO2-e): n/a

Operating time (h/year): 8760^c

Wireless Temperature Sensor

Sensor Technology

Sensor for continuous temperature measurement with wireless transmission to a concentrator. The operating energy is harvested from the electromagnetic energy around the current transmission line. The component offers connection options for up to three temperature probes.

Further information:

^aProduct packaging is included;^bOperating time: 100% load rate.

Source:

ABB: https://new.abb.com/medium-voltage/digital-substations/monitoring-and-diagnostics-solutions/stx300

Energy consumption usage phase (total; in kWh/year): 0.018

Specific global warming potential, total (in kg CO2-e/year): 0.067

Total greenhouse gas potential (in kg CO2-e): 1.34

Component weight (in kg): 0.039

Lifespan (in years): 20

Power usage phase (active; in W): 0.002

Power usage phase (passive/stand-by; in W): n/a

Greenhouse gas potential (production; in kg CO2-e): 1.2^a

Greenhouse gas potential (usage; in kg CO2-e): n/a

Greenhouse gas potential (disposal; in kg CO2-e): 0.0092

Operating time (h/year): 8760^b

Humidity Sensor

Sensor Technology

Humidity sensor module for use in HVAC systems to measure relative humidity and temperature with high accuracy and short response time. Measures humidity from 0-100%. Includes connections for power supply and BUS system via cable.

Further information:

^aProduct packaging is included; for the THP, only the mass balance was used, production processes and their energy consumption were not considered due to a lack of data; the calculation was performed using the CML-IA Baseline 3.08 method.^bGreenhouse gas potential during the usage phase was calculated based on the emission factors for the German electricity mix from the Federal Environment Agency for the year 2022 (https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/themen/klima-energie/energieversorgung/strom-waermeversorgung-in-zahlen?sprungmarke=Strommix#Kraftwerke);^cAssumption of operating time: 24h/day.

Source:

Siemens HIT; https://hit.sbt.siemens.com/RWD/app.aspx?RC=DE&lang=de&MODULE=Catalog&ACTION=ShowProduct&KEY=S55720-S535

Energy consumption usage phase (total; in kWh/year): 5

Specific global warming potential, total (in kg CO2-e/year): 3.36

Total greenhouse gas potential (in kg CO2-e): 33.63

Component weight (in kg): 0.17

Lifespan (in years): 10

Power usage phase (active; in W): 0.57

Power usage phase (passive/stand-by; in W): n/a

Greenhouse gas potential (production; in kg CO2-e): 8.73^a

Greenhouse gas potential (usage; in kg CO2-e): 24.9^b

Greenhouse gas potential (disposal; in kg CO2-e): n/a

Operating time (h/year): 8760^c

Presence Detector

Sensor Technology

Presence detector that detects the movement of people in a room to control indoor lighting.

Further information:

^aPackaging is included, European electricity mix;^bOperating time: Assumption = 30% active; 70% passive.

Source:

Schneider Electric: https://www.se.com/de/de/product/MEG5522-0019/argus-pr%C3%A4senz-sensormodul-mit-ir-polarwei%C3%9F/

Energy consumption usage phase (total; in kWh/year): 6.19

Specific global warming potential, total (in kg CO2-e/year): 2.98

Total greenhouse gas potential (in kg CO2-e): 29.77

Component weight (in kg): 0.28

Lifespan (in years): 10

Power usage phase (active; in W): 1.05

Power usage phase (passive/stand-by; in W): 0.56

Greenhouse gas potential (production; in kg CO2-e): 2.84^a

Greenhouse gas potential (usage; in kg CO2-e): n/a

Greenhouse gas potential (disposal; in kg CO2-e): 0.033

Operating time (h/year): 8760^b

Light Sensor

Sensor Technology

Sunlight sensor used as a probe in HVAC systems where solar radiation compensation is planned. The probe uses a solar cell to detect sunlight and generates a radiation-dependent current that is evaluated by the sensor.

Further information:

^aProduct packaging is included; for the THP, only the mass balance was used, production processes and their energy consumption were not considered due to a lack of data; the calculation was performed using the CML-IA Baseline 3.08 method.^bThe light sensor is equipped with a solar module and requires no external energy during the usage phase;^cAn operating time of 12 hours per day is assumed (average daylight time per year).

Source:

Siemens HIT; https://hit.sbt.siemens.com/RWD/app.aspx?RC=DE&lang=de&MODULE=Catalog&ACTION=ShowProduct&KEY=BPZ%3aQLS60

Energy consumption usage phase (total; in kWh/year): n/a

Specific global warming potential, total (in kg CO2-e/year): 0.41

Total greenhouse gas potential (in kg CO2-e): 6.21

Component weight (in kg): 0.11

Lifespan (in years): 15

Power usage phase (active; in W): 0^b

Power usage phase (passive/stand-by; in W): n/a

Greenhouse gas potential (production; in kg CO2-e): 6.21^a

Greenhouse gas potential (usage; in kg CO2-e): n/a

Greenhouse gas potential (disposal; in kg CO2-e): n/a

Operating time (h/year): 4380^c

Water Meter

Sensor Technology

Conventional water meter for physical measurement of cold/hot water consumption. The meter consists of a flow element, a counter, and a display. Flow rate: 4 m³/h.

Further information:

Source:

Siemesn HIT: https://hit.sbt.siemens.com/RWD/app.aspx?RC=HQEU&lang=en&MODULE=Product&ACTION=ShowGroup&KEY=HIT_Prod_Grp_361192

Energy consumption usage phase (total; in kWh/year): 8

Specific global warming potential, total (in kg CO2-e/year): 5.034

Total greenhouse gas potential (in kg CO2-e): 30.2

Component weight (in kg): 0.39

Lifespan (in years): 6

Power usage phase (active; in W): 0.91

Power usage phase (passive/stand-by; in W): n/a

Greenhouse gas potential (production; in kg CO2-e): 6.3^a

Greenhouse gas potential (usage; in kg CO2-e): 23.9^b

Greenhouse gas potential (disposal; in kg CO2-e): n/a

Operating time (h/year): 8760^c

Heat Meter

Sensor Technology

Ultrasonic heat and cooling energy meter for measuring flow and energy in heating or cooling circuits. Flow rate: 25 m³/h.

Further information:

Source:

Siemens HIT: https://hit.sbt.siemens.com/RWD/app.aspx?RC=HQEU&lang=en&MODULE=Product&ACTION=ShowGroup&KEY=HIT_Prod_Grp_361188

Energy consumption usage phase (total; in kWh/year): 1

Specific global warming potential, total (in kg CO2-e/year): 13.078

Total greenhouse gas potential (in kg CO2-e): 78.47

Component weight (in kg): 10.66

Lifespan (in years): 6

Power usage phase (active; in W): 0.11

Power usage phase (passive/stand-by; in W): n/a

Greenhouse gas potential (production; in kg CO2-e): 75.48^a

Greenhouse gas potential (usage; in kg CO2-e): 2.99^b

Greenhouse gas potential (disposal; in kg CO2-e): n/a

Operating time (h/year): 8760^c

Flow Meter

Sensor Technology

Ultrasonic flow sensor with a maximum flow rate of 12 m³/h (volume flow meter).

Further information:

^aProduct packaging is included; for the THP, only the mass balance was used, production processes and their energy consumption were not considered due to a lack of data; the calculation was performed using the CML-IA Baseline 3.08 method.^bNo data is available for the electrical power, so no greenhouse gas potential could be calculated for the usage phase;^cAssumed operating time: 24h/day.

Source:

Siemens HIT: https://hit.sbt.siemens.com/RWD/app.aspx?RC=DE&lang=de&MODULE=Catalog&ACTION=ShowProduct&KEY=S55845-Z209

Energy consumption usage phase (total; in kWh/year): n/a

Specific global warming potential, total (in kg CO2-e/year): 1.49

Total greenhouse gas potential (in kg CO2-e): 8.91

Component weight (in kg): 1.013

Lifespan (in years): 6

Power usage phase (active; in W): n/a

Power usage phase (passive/stand-by; in W): n/a

Greenhouse gas potential (production; in kg CO2-e): 8.91^a

Greenhouse gas potential (usage; in kg CO2-e): n/a

Greenhouse gas potential (disposal; in kg CO2-e): n/a

Operating time (h/year): 8760^c

Small Fan

Actuator Technology

Central ventilation system for supply or exhaust air with a capacity of 5000 m³/h. It is a fan installed on the roof or beside the building, housed in a galvanized steel casing.

Further information:

^aFan for commercial and light industrial applications, performance calculation by interpolating the values from: https://www.dasslerventilatoren.info/contents/de/d135_WandventilatorECMotor.html; higher power outputs are possible depending on the application.^bA daily usage time from 8 AM to 6 PM is assumed.^cGreenhouse gas potential during the usage phase was calculated based on the emission factors for the German electricity mix from the Federal Environment Agency for the year 2022 (https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/themen/klima-energie/energieversorgung/strom-waermeversorgung-in-zahlen?sprungmarke=Strommix#Kraftwerke);Assumed operating time: 10 hours per day.

Source:

Ökobaudat: https://oekobaudat.de/OEKOBAU.DAT/datasetdetail/process.xhtml?uuid=cc2903a5-0475-48c5-8240-c1b0c251b9d3&version=20.23.050&stock=OBD_2023_I&lang=de

Energy consumption usage phase (total; in kWh/year): 800.8

Specific global warming potential, total (in kg CO2-e/year): 408.37

Total greenhouse gas potential (in kg CO2-e): 4900.41

Component weight (in kg): 43

Lifespan (in years): 12

Power usage phase (active; in W): 220^a

Power usage phase (passive/stand-by; in W): n/a

Greenhouse gas potential (production; in kg CO2-e): n/a

Greenhouse gas potential (usage; in kg CO2-e): 4785.58^c

Greenhouse gas potential (disposal; in kg CO2-e): -102.43

Operating time (h/year): 3640^c

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